Anne Boleyn - Tudor Queen Who Ruled the Hearts of Modern People

English history is full of mysteries, and there are a number of facts, which are still the subject of research. Anne Boleyn, the queen consort of King Henry VIII of England, is one of the famous names that we can take as an example in this regard. She was the second wife of the king and was recognized as a key figure of English Reformation after her marriage and subsequent execution. The era of English Reformation was the time, when England progressed in various fields, such as art, culture, medieval costumes and more.

But, the word ‘reformation’ refers to the religious reformation against the dogmatism of Roman Catholic Church during that period. First, the king broke with Church of Rome in order to marry her and declared himself the head of Church of England. In this way, Anne indirectly contributed in reformation. Moreover, she was an open minded lady, which can be estimated with the fact that she argued to distribute the revenues to the charitable and educational institutions instead of giving them to church. She made this argument to Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex. It is claimed that Thomas conspired against Anne because of his dispute with her.

Anne Boleyn born in the year 1501, and was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, and his wife Lady Elizabeth Howard. She got the education in Netherlands and France, and returned to England in the year 1522 for marrying her Irish cousin, James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond. But, the plans of her marriage with James failed, and she found the place as maid of Honor to Henry VIII’s first queen consort, Catherine of Aragon. In the year 1523, there was a secret betrothal between her and Henry Percy, son of the fifth Earl of Northumberland. But, the betrothal was broken in 1524, and she was sent back home to Hever Castle. King Henry tried to seduce her, which was one of the absorbing factors for his desire to marry her.
King annulled his marriage his first queen for marrying Anne. Roman Catholic Church declared it as illegal, but the king broke his relations with the church and declared himself the head of Church of England. There is no doubt that it seems that the relation was broken because of the selfish motive of the king. Still, it put some great impacts on the nation. He married Anne on 25th January 1933. She gave birth to Elizabeth on 7th September and could not give birth to son.

The relation of the two could not be continued for the long. She was found guilty for high treason in April 1536. Moreover, she was also accused of adultery and incest. There were no sufficient evidence found against her, but still she was beheaded on 19th May, 1536.

Despite the small time span of her existence as a queen, she became widely popular in England. Her renaissance clothing styles are copied by women in today’s scenario also. Moreover, some films have also been made on her biography. Interestingly, some researchers of occultism claim the existence of the ghost of Anne today also.

Communities of the Renaissance Age and Their Lifestyles

The renaissance age in Europe is undoubtedly an unforgettable era for the people of the western world. It was the era, when a great cultural and artistic rebirth was witnessed in the society. A stunning evolution took place in various fields, such as paintings, sculptures, renaissance costumes and so on. Besides, the lifestyles of that era became the source of inspiration of the modern times also.

An interesting thing about that era was that it was full of diverse cultures. A number of cultures were present during that period, which had their unique lifestyles. The commoners of that era used to constitute the mainstream society. Besides, the communities of serfs, royals/nobles/aristocrats and pirates were some other communities, which were making the societies.

Commoners:  They were the modest people of the society. They gained the huge interest in art and culture, which was reflected in his clothing styles also. The styles of these people were very much inspired with gothic and Germanic traditions. In the renaissance age, the massive clothes became prominent during the renaissance age. The popular women’s costumes of that era include linen chemises adorned with lace edges, lengthened breaches and heavy gowns etc. On the other hand, puffed trunk hose, padded doublet and balloon sleeves were the outfits of the men during that period. On the other hand, they had the healthy eating styles. Some of the eatables they would consume included roasts, soups, pastas, pastries and cheeses etc.

Serfs: Serfs, otherwise known as peasants, were the labor-class people of that era. They would work on the lands of the lords. Most of them would work on the lands of the lords, and they had to do hard labor in order to pay the dues. Sometimes, they also had to pay the rent in the form of money to the lords, apart from the labor. The clothing styles of these people were simple. They would wear a blouse that would be fastened with leather belt round the waist, and an overcoat or mental which was made up of thick woolen material.

Royals/Nobles/Aristocrats: These were the upper class communities of that era. They would wear the dresses beaded with the jewels. Moreover, their outfits were extravagant, many of which are fashion-statements for today’s people also. The dresses of Queen Elizabeth I were the best examples in this regard. Besides, they would eat the luxurious foods.

Pirates: Mainstream pirates were not part of lawful communities. They would wear the disorganized styles of outfits, which they would loot from the ships. The pirate clothing developed during that era is also the fashion statement of the people of today’s scenario. Their lifestyles were very much like the sailors. They would eat fresh veggies, eggs, meats and cheeses. Moreover, dice, cards, dance and singing were the leisure activities of these raiders, which they would use for fun. There was another class of pirates also, which belonged to the lawful raiders authorized by the government. Such raiders were known as privateers, and their work was to loot the treasure ships of the enemy nations. The privateers would live the lifestyles like nobles as they had the full support of the kingdom.

Contributions of Medici Family in Renaissance Movement

There is no doubt that a lot of political, economical, cultural and artistic activities took place in the renaissance age. A number of renaissance men and women gave their contributions in the flourish of different fields of art and science. Sculpture, painting, renaissance clothing and there were many other aspects, in which the society progressed. On the other hand, a huge growth had also been witnessed during that period.

Medici was unquestionably one of the big names during that period, whose contribution in the renaissance era can never be overlooked. It was a banking family, a political dynasty and later on became a royal family. Prominent contribution of this family is recognized in the economic growth of the society; however, it has some other contributions also. For instance, four popes of Roman Catholic Church were produced by this family. The popes from Medici family included Pope Leo X from 1513 to 1521, Pope Clement VII from 1523 to 1534, Pope Pius IV from 1559 to 1565, and Pope Leo XI  in 1605. So, this family had a great role in papacy also. Moreover, Catherine de' Medici (1547–1559) and Marie de' Medici (1600–1610) were two regent queens of France, who were from Medici Dynasty. The family also became hereditary Dukes of Florence in 1531 A.D.

Besides, the Medici family gained prominence in the wool trade in 14th century. It will be significant to mention that wool was used in manufacturing the medieval clothing as well as some renaissance costumes. France and Spain were two major centers of the wool trade. Besides, the family also rose to power through its social network with elite families by means of partnership, employment and the marriage of convenience. Some of the big families of that period included Salviati, Bardi, Cavalcanti and the Tornabuoni. The foundation of this family is thought to be done by Averardo de' Medici. His son Giovanni di Bicci created the Medici Bank and became the one of the richest men in Florence. Besides, he gained the good support for introduction of proportional taxing system. His son Cosimo the Elder, Pater Patriae, became the unofficial head of states of the Florentine Republic in 1434. Florence was ruled by three successive generations of Medici in a big part of 15th Century. They altogether abolished representative government, still they clearly dominated it.

Medici is supposed to be one of the contributors in the commencement of proper banking system. Today also, many of the facets of the renaissance age influence the modern age including the banking system. This is the reason why renaissance period is supposed to be the era, which showed the path to the modern times.

Era of Queen Elizabeth I: The Real Golden Age

Queen Elizabeth I was undoubtedly a great monarch in the history of England. Her popularity reached the extent that a complete era was named after her. She had a great vision to run a kingdom, plus she treated equally the people of every faith, unlike her catholic sister Mary I who would burn the protestants in stakes just because of difference in ideas. Elizabeth was a devout protestant, but many of her courtiers would keep the catholic faith.

On the other side, renaissance age was going on in the era of Queen Elizabeth when people started taking interest in art and culture. The new age paintings, sculptures and architectures, were in the limelight. Elizabeth was also a great fan of painting. Moreover, the people’s interest in the flamboyant clothing started enhancing. Queen would also wear these renaissance dresses. Her costumes would be beaded with jewels, which were the subject of allure for the people.

Besides, music and dance were also flourished during the era of this queen. Volta and galliard were two famous renaissance dances during that period. Volta dance gained more popularity, when Queen Elizabeth performed this dance with her friend Robert Dudley. This dance has been displayed in a famous film “Elizabeth” that was released in 1998. Another demonstration of the Volta dance can be seen in a 2007 film – “Elizabeth: The Golden Age”, between Sir Walter Raleigh and Bess (queen’s lady-in-wait). People wearing beautiful renaissance and medieval costumes have also been displayed perfectly in these films. Moreover, Shakespearean dramas also belonged to the era of Elizabeth, which have been played today also with great enthusiasm.

Apart from the development in art and culture, the Elizabethan era was the age of the scientific revolution, and a number of inventions and explorations were being made by several great men. This era paved the way for the modern age in a true sense. That is why, many of the scholars call this era – the early modern age.

The Elizabethan Era has set a perfect example for the later ages, and it has provided a lot of things to today’s scenario. The renaissance costumes of that era are part of the fashion trends in the recent times. Apart from the costumes, art, culture and music of that period are also the subject of inspiration today. The new-age artists take the ideas from these artistic genres and prepare the new styles. The confluence of the costumes of Elizabethan and modern era, really provides a distinct genre. www.tudordressing.com is the best example of tudor era and Queen Elizabeth's lifestyle costume and dresses.

History Livens Up in Movie ‘Elizabeth’

Queen Elizabeth I gained a huge attention in Tudor Era because of her dedication towards her nation. She never married in her life, gave her entire life to the nation. A complete era has been named after her, which we know today as Elizabethan Era. Some films and television programs have also been made on her biography time to time.

In the year 1998, a biographical film named “Elizabeth” was released. The plot of the film was written by Michael Hirst, and the film was directed by Shekhar Kapur. Cate Blanchet played the role of Queen Elizabeth and won several awards notably BAFTA and Golden Globe in the year 1998.

The film presents the story of young Elizabeth. Her elder half-sister Mary I dies because of cancerous tumor in her uterus. She leaves Elizabeth as Queen, who was jailed before for a supposed conspiracy to assassinate Mary. But, now she has been freed for her coronation, in the beautiful medieval costume. He is being surrounded by suitors such as Henri Duc d’Anjou – future Henry III of France. Besides, she was urged for marriage by William Cecil, 1st Baron of Burghley. He states that the marriage will secure her throne. But, Elizabeth is secretly involved in an affair with Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester. But, Cecil tells Elizabeth that there is no private life of a monarch.

Elizabeth has to face a lot of threats to her reign. Some of the conspirators, whom she faces included Duke of Norfolk, her catholic cousin Mary – Queen of Scots, Mary in Guise (mother of Mary, Queen of Scots) and an agent from Scotland. Moreover, she also countenances the plots from Rome by Pope Pius V (Giegud). But, all the threats are put down by her in assistance of her spymaster and adviser Francis Walsingham. Duke of Norfolk is executed for his conspiracy. Besides, Mary of Guise is killed by Francis.

On the other hand, Elizabeth expels Dudley from her life, when she comes to know that he is married. Moreover, she gives up sex as she believes that it makes the men powerful over her. She becomes increasingly tough, which is reflected in one of her speeches also. She also becomes ruthless occasionally, when she orders the execution of those who are the threats for her rule. The entire story of the film depicts her transformation from a romantic girl to a tough queen, who dominates the men around her.

A glance of pre-Elizabethan England can also be witnessed in this film. Burning of Protestants on orders of Queen Mary I and Philip has also been displayed in this movie. Apart from such horrible scene, wonderful Volta dance of Robert Dudley and Elizabeth in stunning medieval clothing can also be enjoyed. This film enlivens the Elizabethan Era perfectly in front of our eyes. The clothes were fabulous weared by elizabeth. Want to more about dressing the http://www.tudordressing.com/ is one of the top site.

Positive and Negative Sides of Tudor Dynasty

England was under the crown of House of Tudor around 500 years ago. Henry VII acquired the kingdom of England after winning the War of the Roses. This was the era of flourish of art and culture in Europe. The era, which we know as renaissance age, was going on in Europe, and people were taking more and more interest in the various genres of art. The flamboyant renaissance dresses also belonged to the same era. Besides, the science and technology were also growing during that period.

In this scenario, Tudor monarchs seem to be busy in their own affairs; however, their contribution in this development up to some extent cannot be denied. The first king Henry VII was a peaceful monarch, and he also tried to make peace with France in the year 1492. His son Henry VIII was thought to be of good nature in his early years, but later on his rapport went down. Moreover, he married six wives just for producing a male heir. Finally, he succeeded in this, and Edward was born. We find mixed traits in the nature of Henry. He took part in the protestant reformation actively and declared himself the head of Church of England. Moreover, he also played some role in development of architecture. But, declaring his daughters Mary and Elizabeth illegitimate presents the negative side of his nature. On the other hand, execution of his own wife Anne Boleyn by him despite the lack of evidences also can also not be considered as justified.

After the death of Henry, his only son Edward VI was enthroned in the small age of 9. His devotion towards Protestantism despite his small age seems strange. He tried to secure protestant faith in England. He also changed the will of his own father for this purpose, according to which his older sisters were in the line of succession after him. Edward declared his cousin Lady Jane Gray as his heir. His wish could not be fulfilled as she lost support and Mary disposed him by assembling the army within the short time span of nine days.

Mary proved to be a barbaric queen, as she started killing the innocent Protestants in order to establish the catholic faith again in England. Because of this act, she is known today as “bloody Mary”. Moreover, she married Philip II of Spain for producing the catholic heir, but could not be successful. In the early years, he kept his sister Elizabeth in Tower of London, but she had no other option than declaring her as her heir in the later stages.

Finally, Elizabeth I became the monarch, who was liberal in various aspects. The art and culture flourished a lot in her reign. She herself was an art lover and liked painting and fashion. The medieval shirts worn by her are the fashion statements in wedding parties and various other events, in today’s scenario also.

Religious Dogmatism in Tudor Monarchs: A Great Trouble for England

Renaissance age began in England with the rule of the Tudor Monarchs in England. These monarchs ruled up to 118 years, and the nations faced a number of paradigms during this period. Commoners were busy in enjoying the reawakening. Art and culture was being flourished, and new genres in various fields were coming in the limelight. Brilliant medieval costumes, which became the fashion-statements in the modern times, also came in the limelight during this period.

On the other side, Tudor rulers were the lawmakers, who were living the aristocratic lifestyles. They made some positive changes in England, but there were some pitfalls also in their kingdoms. The prominent pitfall seems the religious dogmatism of some Tudor monarchs. The sectarianism among them was clearly reflected from their activities.

Henry VII was the first Tudor monarch, but he had nothing to do with any religious dispute. This dispute began when his son and the second monarch Henry VIII broke his relations with Rome and declared himself the head of Church of England. He did so to get the right to divorce his wife. But, the problematic thing was that the opinions of his children in the family were divided. He declared his son Edward as his heir and kept his two daughters Mary and Elizabeth in the line of succession.

After his death, Edward VI became king in the small age of 9. Surprisingly, Edward was interested in the religious issues despite his small age. The publication of “Common Book of Prayer” was ordered by him, which was opposed by a large community in England. Moreover, he also didn’t hesitate in changing his father’s will for maintaining the protestant rule. He declared his cousin Lady Jane Grey as his heir. He did so because he was afraid that his catholic half-sister will reverse the reform after his death. Edward died in the small age of 15. Lady Jane Grey was the proclaimed queen after him, but she didn’t maintain his support. Mary assembled a military force and disposed Jane Grey.

Mary I was proved to be a most problematic queen of the Tudor dynasty. She wanted to reconcile with Rome, and she ordered the people to attend the catholic mass. She became the trouble for England, when she started burning the innocent Protestants. She became unpopular for this act and was dubbed as ‘Bloody Mary’. She also married Philip of Spain for producing a catholic heir. But, she failed to do so as she could never produce the child. Finally, she had to declare her half-sister Elizabeth as her heir, who was a protestant lady. Still her religious identity was mysterious as she would keep the catholic symbols despite her protestant faith. She kept the harmony between the two sects.

So, finally England got a Tudor Monarch who was above the sectarianism up to a great extent. She is thought to be the most famous monarch from Tudor dynasty.  She was interested in the cultural activities fine arts, and she was also a fashion lover. The styles of her tudor dressing are still popular in the western world.